Table 1 Antimicrobial resistance profiles of ESBL-EC isolates from Humans, chickens and farm/market environments in Abuja - Nigeria, 2019
Drug Class | Drug | MIC Resistance breakpoint μg/mL | Humans, n = 14 (%) | Chickens n = 14 (%) | Environment n = 9 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tetracyclines | Tetracyclines (TET) | ≥ 16 | 14 (100) | 13 (92.9) | 9 (100) |
Folate Pathway antagonists | Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim (SXT) | ≥ 4/76 | 12 (85.7) | 10 (71.4) | 9 (100) |
Sulfisoxazole (FIS) | ≥512 | 12 (85.7) | 9 (64.3) | 9 (100) | |
Penicillins | Ampicillin (AMP) | ≥ 32 | 13 (92.9) | 14 (100) | 9 (100) |
Quinolones | Nalidixic acid (NAL) | ≥ 32 | 5 (35.7) | 7 (50.00) | 5 (55.6) |
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) | ≥ 4 | 3 (21.4) | 5 (35.7) | 2 (22.2) | |
Aminoglycosides | Streptomycin (STR) | ≥ 32 | 10 (71.4) | 10 (71.4) | 8 (88.9) |
Gentamicin (GEN) | ≥ 16 | 5 (35.7) | 7 (50.00) | 5 (55.6) | |
Phenicols | Chloramphenicol (CHL) | ≥ 32 | 3 (21.4) | 7 (50.00) | 2 (22.2) |
Macrolide Antibiotics | Azithromycin (AZI) | ≥ 32 | 4 (28.6) | 4 (28.6) | 5 (55.6) |
B-lactam inhibitors | Amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) | ≥ 32/16 | 1 (7.14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Cephem | Ceftriaxone (CRO) | ≥ 4 | 2 (14.3) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0) |
Cefoxitin (FOX) | ≥ 32 | 14 (100) | 14 (100) | 1 (11.1) | |
Ceftiofur (XNL) | ≥ 8 | 2 (14.3) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (11.1) | |
Resistance to 3 or more classes of antibiotics | MDR | n/a | 13 (92.9) | 13 (92.9) | 9 (100) |