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Table 3 Distribution of surveillance system integration mechanisms by Regions (n = 102 articles)

From: A systematic review on integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems with a view to addressing global health security threats

  

Regiona

Integration mechanism

Sector

Africa

Asia

Australia

Europe

North America

South America

Internationalb

Unknown

Total

Interconnectivity (n = 19)

Animal health

0

1

0

3

0

0

1

0

5

Human health

1

0

0

3

3

0

3

1

11

One Health

0

0

0

2

1

0

0

0

3

Total

1

1

0

8

4

0

4

1

19

Interoperability (n = 35)

Animal health

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

Human health

2

1

2

7

10

2

0

0

24

One Health

1

1

1

1

3

2

0

0

9

Total

3

3

3

8

13

4

0

0

35

Semantic consistency (n = 21)

Animal health

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

1

Human health

1

2

0

5

8

0

0

0

16

One Health

0

0

0

1

3

0

0

0

4

Total

1

2

0

7

11

0

0

0

21

Convergent (n = 27)

Animal health

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Human health

6

4

0

1

4

1

0

0

16

One health

2

1

2

1

2

0

3

0

11

Total

8

5

2

2

6

1

3

0

27

 

Total per region

13

11

5

25

34

5

7

1

102

  1. aThe Region was determined by the country in which the system was located
  2. b International cover studies which were done in more than one region